
Carlos P. Garcia
First term: March 18, 1957-December 30, 1957 (succeeded)
Second term: December 30, 1957-December 30, 1961 (elected)
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1951-1965
Era | Eighth President of the Philippines |
Fourth President of the Third Republic | |
Constitution | Amended 1935 Constitution |
Predecessor | Ramon Magsaysay |
Successor | Diosdado Macapagal |
Date Elected | March 18, 1957 (succeeded into office) |
November 12, 1957; 2,072,257 votes (41.3% of the electorate) | |
Inauguration | March 1, 1957, Malacañan Palace, Manila (aged 61) |
December 30, 1957, Independence Grandstand, Manila (aged 62) | |
Seat of Government | Quezon City |
Vice President | Diosdado Macapagal (December 30, 1957-December 30, 1961) |
Chief Justice | |
Senate President | Eulogio Rodriguez (January 22, 1957-April 5, 1963) |
Speaker of the House | Daniel Z. Romualdez (January 27, 1958-December 30, 1961) |
Previous Positions | |
Executive | Bureaucracy: Member, Rehabilitation Commission |
Provincial: Governor of Bohol (1933-1941) | |
Cabinet: Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1953-1957) | |
National: Vice President of the Philippines (1953-1957) | |
Legislative | Lower House: Representative of the Third District of Bohol (1925-1931) |
Upper House: Senator (elected 1941 but did not assume office due to Japanese occupation) (1945-1953) | |
Judicial | None |
Others | President, 1971 Constitutional Convention |
Military: Guerilla resistance leader | |
Worked under other Administrations | QUEZON as Governor; Senator; Member of the Rehabilitation Commission |
OSMEÑA as Senator; Member of the Rehabilitation Commission | |
ROXAS as Senator | |
QUIRINO as Senator | |
MAGSAYSAY as Vice President; Secretary of Foreign Affairs | |
Personal Details | |
Born | November 4, 1896 |
Talibon, Bohol | |
Died | June 14, 1971 |
Quezon City | |
Resting Place | Libingan ng mga Bayani, Taguig City |
Political Parties | Nacionalista Party |
Parents | Policronio Garcia |
Ambrosia Polistico | |
Spouse | Leonila de la Serna Dimataga (1906-1994) (m. 1933) |
Children | Linda Garcia-Ocampos |
Education | Bachelor of Laws, Philippine Law School (1923) |
Cebu Provincial High School (now Abellana National School) | |
Profession | High School Teacher |
Poet | |
Lawyer | |
Academe | Teacher, Bohol Provincial School (1923) |
Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources | Cesar Fortich Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources (March 3, 1960-December 1961) |
Juan de G. Rodriguez Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources (April 12, 1956-August 1960) |
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Department of Education | Jose E. Romero Secretary of Education (May 18, 1959-September 4, 1962) |
Daniel Salcedo Secretary of Education (November 18, 1957-December 28, 1959) |
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Manuel Lim Secretary of Education (September 3, 1957-November 17, 1957) |
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Martin Aguilar Jr. Secretary of Education (March 29, 1957-September 2, 1957) |
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Department of Finance | Dominador Aytona Secretary of Finance (January 24, 1960-December 29, 1961) |
Department of Foreign Affairs | Felixberto M. Serrano Secretary of Foreign Affairs (August 22, 1957-December 1961) |
Carlos P. Garcia Concurrent Secretary of Foreign Affairs (March 10, 1954-August 1957) |
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Department of Health | Elpidio Valencia Secretary of Health (July 15, 1958-December 31, 1961) |
Paulino J. Garcia Secretary of Health (March 17, 1957-July 15, 1958) |
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Department of Justice | Alejo R. Mabanag Secretary of Justice (May 18,1959-December 1961) |
Enrique Fernandez Secretary of Justice (June 1959-July 1959) |
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Jesus G. Barrera Secretary of Justice (April 1958-June 1959) |
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Pedro T. Tuazon Secretary of Justice (March 10, 1954-March 1958) |
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Department of Labor | Angel Castano Secretary of Labor (August 22, 1957) |
Department of National Defense | Alejo S. Santos Secretary of National Defense (May 18, 1959-December 30, 1961) |
Jesus M. Vargas Secretary of National Defense (August 28, 1957-May 18, 1959) |
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Eulogio B. Balao Secretary of National Defense (March 17, 1957-August 28, 1957) |
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Department of Public Works, Transportation, and Communication | Florencio Moreno Secretary of Public Works, Transportation, and Communication (1957-1961) |
Department of Commerce and Industry | Manuel Lim Secretary of Commerce and Industry (January 24, 1960-1962) |
Pedro C. Hernaez Secretary of Commerce and Industry (April 10, 1959-1960) |
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Executive Office | Natalio Castillo Executive Secretary (January 24, 1960-September 5, 1961) |
Juan Pajo Executive Secretary (January 16, 1958-August 28, 1959) |
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Fortunato De Leon Executive Secretary (March 18, 1957-December 30, 1957) |
The tradition of issuing Memorandum Circulars, defined in the Administrative Code of 1987 as “acts of the President on matters relating to internal administration,” began in 1958 during the term of President Garcia. President Garcia also began the tradition of issuing Memorandum Orders, defined in the Administrative Code of 1987 as “acts of the President on matters of administrative detail or of subordinate or temporary interest which only concern a particular officer or office of the Government.”
- Executive Orders: 244-461 (total: 218)
- Administrative Orders: 235-387(total: 153)
- Memorandum Orders: 1-84 (total: 84)
- Memorandum Circulars: 1-24; 1-13; 1-37 (total: 74)
- Proclamations: 395-815 (total: 422)
- Population: 22.68 million (1957)
- Gross Domestic Product: P189,457 million (1957)
- Gross Domestic Product: P224,430 million (1961)
- GDP Growth Rate: 4.54% (1957-1961 average)
- Income Per Capita: P8,353 (1957)
- Income Per Capita: P7,927 (1961)
- Total Exports: P35,980 million (1957)
- Total Exports: P39,845 million (1961)
- Unemployment Rate: 3.8% (1957)
- Unemployment Rate: 7.5% (1961)
- Peso-Dollar Exchange Rate: $1 = P2 (1957)
- Peso-Dollar Exchange Rate: $1 = P2.64 (1961)
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board, National Accounts of the Philippines, National Statistics Office, Philippine Statistical Yearbook
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- Republic Acts:
These infographics were published as part of the Philippine Electoral Almanac, a compendium and handy resource of Philippine national elections from 1935 onwards, by the Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office.
1957 Presidential Elections
President Carlos P. Garcia ascended to the Presidency on March 18, 1957 following the untimely death of President Magsaysay, only a few months before Magsaysay’s expected re-election. Garcia had secured the nomination of the Nacionalista Party. Senator Claro M. Recto had bolted the NP to run for President under the Nationalist Citizens’ Party. Other Magsaysay supporters established the Progressive Party of the Philippines and endorsed Manuel Manahan for President. The Liberal Party, for its part, fielded former Speaker Jose Yulo for President. In a repeat of their 1953 encounter, Garcia trounced his main opponent Yulo, bested Recto and Manahan, and won the Presidency in his own right.
1957 Vice Presidential Elections
1957 Legislative Elections
1959 Legislative Elections
1961 Presidential Elections
1961 Vice Presidential Elections
1961 Legislative Elections
Seventy-five (75) SONAs have been delivered thus far. Click here to access the full list and links to all the SONAs of the Presidents of the Philippines.
First State of the Nation Address of President Carlos P. Garcia
Delivered in the Legislative Building, Manila, January 27, 1958
Second State of the Nation Address of President Carlos P. Garcia
Delivered in the Legislative Building, Manila, January 26, 1959
Third State of the Nation Address of President Carlos P. Garcia
Delivered in the Legislative Building, Manila, January 25, 1960
Fourth State of the Nation Address of President Carlos P. Garcia
Delivered in the Legislative Building, Manila, January 23, 1961
Click here to access the full list and links to all the SONAs of the Presidents of the Philippines.