Jose P. Laurel
October 14, 1943-August 17, 1945
Flag
From 1941-1945, the national flag was flown upside-down to symbolize wartime.
National Coat of Arms and Seal
1941-1943
1943-1945
| Era | Third President of the Philippines |
| President of the Second Republic | |
| Constitution | 1943 Constitution |
| Predecessor | Position established |
| Successor | Position abolished |
| Date elected | September 25, 1943 (elected by the KALIBAPI Assembly) |
| Inauguration | October 14, 1943, Legislative Building (now National Museum), Manila (aged 51) |
| Seat of Government | Manila (1943-1944) |
| Baguio (1944-1945) | |
| Vice President | None |
| Chief Justice | Jose Yulo (February 5, 1942-August 1945) |
| Speaker of the National Assembly | Benigno S. Aquino Sr. (October 17, 1943-February 2, 1944) |
| Previous Positions | |
| Executive | Bureaucracy: Clerk for the Bureau of Forestry (1909) |
| Bureaucracy: Undersecretary, Department of the Interior (1922); Secretary of the Interior (1923) | |
| Cabinet: Commissioner of Justice (1942), Philippine Executive Commission | |
| Cabinet: Commissioner, Department of Interior (1942) | |
| Legislative | Upper House: Senator of the 5th Senatorial District (Batangas, Mindoro, Tayabas, Cavite, and Marinduque) (1925-1931) |
| Upper House: Senator (1951-1957) | |
| Judicial | Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1936-1941) |
| Others | 2nd in the Philippine Bar Examination (1915) |
| Delegate, 1934 Constitutional Convention | |
| President, 1943 Preparatory Committee on Philippine Independence | |
| Chairman, 1954 Economic Mission to the United States | |
| Founder, Lyceum of the Philippines | |
| Worked under other Administrations | QUEZON as Associate Justice |
| QUIRINO as Senator | |
| MAGSAYSAY as Senator; Special Envoy (Laurel-Langley Agreement) | |
| GARCIA as Senator | |
| Personal Details | |
| Born | March 9, 1891 |
| Tanauan, Batangas | |
| Died | November 6, 1959 |
| Mandaluyong City | |
| Resting Place | Tanauan, Batangas |
| Political Parties | Nacionalista Party (1925-1941) |
| Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas (KALIBAPI) (1943-1945) | |
| Nacionalista Party (1945-1959) | |
| Parents | Sotero Laurel |
| Jacoba Garcia | |
| Spouse | Pacencia Hidalgo y Valencia (1889-1960) (m. 1911) |
| Children | Jose Bayani Laurel Jr. |
| Jose Sotero Laurel III | |
| Natividad Laurel-Guinto | |
| Sotero Cosme Laurel | |
| Mariano Antonio Laurel | |
| Rosenda Placencia Laurel-Avanceña | |
| Potenciana Laurel-Yupangco | |
| Salvador Roman Laurel | |
| Arsenio Laurel | |
| Education | Bachelor of Laws, University of the Philippines (1915) |
| Master of Laws, Escuela de Derecho (1919) | |
| Doctor of Civil Laws, Yale University (1920) | |
| Doctor of Philosophy, University of Santo Tomas (1936) | |
| Honoris Causa, Tokyo Imperial University 東京帝國大 (1938) | |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Professor | |
| Academe | College of Law, University of the Philippines |
| Philippine Law, Lacson College | |
| Faculty of Law, University of Santo Tomas | |
| National Law College, University of Manila | |
| Institute of Law, Far Eastern University | |
| College of Law, Central University | |
| College of Law, Adamson University | |
PHILIPPINE EXECUTIVE COMMISSION
(January 23, 1942-January 1944)
| Chairman | Jorge B. Vargas |
| Department of the Interior | Benigno S. Aquino Commissioner of the Interior |
| Department of Justice | Jose P. Laurel Commissioner of Justice |
| Antonio de las Alas Commissioner of Justice |
|
| Department of Agriculture and Commerce | Rafael Alunan Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce |
| Department of Education, Health, and Public Welfare | Claro M. Recto Commissioner of Education, Health, and Public Welfare |
| Department of Public Works and Communications | Quintin Paredes Commissioner of Public Works and Communications |
| Chief Justice | Jose Yulo |
| Executive Secretary | Serafin Marabut |
| Auditor-General | Teofilo Sison |
LAUREL CABINET
(January 1944-February 1945)
| Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources | Rafael Alunan Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources (October 14, 1943-March 20, 1945) |
| Ministry of Education | Camilo Osias Minister of Education (October 14, 1943-August 17, 1945) |
| Ministry of Finance | Antonio de las Alas Minister of Finance (October 14, 1943-March 20, 1945) |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Claro M. Recto Minister of Foreign Affairs (October 14, 1943-March 12, 1945) |
| Ministry of Health, Labor, and Public Welfare | Juan Salcedo Minister of Health, Labor, and Public Welfare (March 20, 1945) |
| Emiliano Tria Tirona Minister of Health, Labor, and Public Welfare (October 14, 1943-March 1, 1944) |
|
| Ministry of Home Affairs | Jose P. Laurel Concurrent capacity |
| Ministry of Justice | Teofilo Sison Minister of Justice (October 14, 1943-March 20, 1945) |
| Ministry of Public Works and Communications | Jose Paez Minister of Public Works and Communications (1944-1945) |
| Quintin Paredes Minister of Public Works and Communications (October 14, 1943-March 20, 1945) |
|
| Executive Secretary | Emilio Abello Executive Secretary |
| Pedro Sabido Executive Secretary (December 30, 1943-August 14, 1944) |
|
| Head of Philippine Constabulary | Guillermo Francisco Head of Philippine Constabulary |
Under construction
- Population: 17.9 million (1944)
- Number of Japanese Civilians in the Philippines: 30,000 (1939)
- Number of Imperial Japanese infantry troops in the Philippines: 64,000 (1941)
- Number of Imperial Japanese infantry troops in the Philippines: 268,000 (1945)
- Total exports: no data (wartime)
Source: A.V.H. Hartendorp, History of Industry and Trade of the Philippines (Manila: American Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines Inc., 1958); National Statistics Office
Under Construction
The Second Republic of the Philippines
The 1943 Constitution was ratified by a popular convention of the KALIBAPI on September 7, 1943 and was signed and approved on September 9, 1943.
On October 14, 1943, the Japanese-sponsored Second Republic was inaugurated, with Jose. P. Laurel as President. This government followed the newly crafted Constitution and reverted the legislature back to a unicameral National Assembly.
54 of the 108 members of the National Assembly were elected representatives, 46 were provincial governors, and eight were city mayors. Elected representatives were to serve for three years, while the governors and mayors would be assemblymen as long as they occupied their posts
The National Assembly of the Second Republic would remain in existence until the arrival of the Allied Forces in 1944, which liberated the Philippines from the Imperial Japanese forces.
1949 Presidential Elections
Four years after his stint as President of the Second Republic, Jose P. Laurel was drafted by the Nacionalista Party to run against President Elpidio Quirino, a Liberal, who had assumed the Presidency upon the death of President Manuel Roxas in 1948. The Liberal Party was split between Quirino and former Senate President Jose Avelino.
1949 Vice Presidential Elections
1949 Legislative Elections
These infographics were published as part of the Philippine Electoral Almanac, a compendium and handy resource of Philippine national elections from 1935 onwards, by the Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office.
