Manuel Roxas
First term: May 28, 1946 – July 4, 1946
Second term: July 4, 1946 – April 15, 1948
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National Coat of Arms
1941-1946
1946-1965
Presidential Seal
1946-1948
1948-1951
| Era | Fifth President of the Philippines |
| Third and Last President of the Commonwealth | |
| First President of the Third Republic | |
| Constitution | Amended 1935 Constitution |
| Predecessor | Sergio Osmeña |
| Successor | Elpidio Quirino |
| Date elected | April 23, 1946, 1,333,392 votes (54% of the electorate) |
| Inauguration | May 28, 1946, Legislative Building (now National Museum), Manila (aged 54) |
| July 4, 1946, Independence Grandstand (now Quirino Grandstand), Manila (aged 54) | |
| Seat of Government | Manila |
| Vice President | Elpidio Quirino (May 28, 1946-April 17, 1948) |
| Chief Justice | Manuel V. Moran (July 9, 1945-March 20, 1951) |
| Senate President | Jose Avelino (May 25, 1946-July 4, 1946; July 5, 1946-February 21, 1949) |
| Speaker of the House | Eugenio Perez (May 25, 1946-July 4, 1946; July 5, 1946-December 30, 1949) |
| Previous Positions | |
| Executive | Provincial: Governor of Capiz (1919-1921) |
| Bureaucracy: Chairman, Bigasan ng Bayan (1943-1945) | |
| Cabinet: Secretary of Finance (1938-1941) | |
| National: Chairman, National Economic Council (1938-1941) | |
| Bureaucracy: National Development Corporation (1938-1941) | |
| Bureaucracy: National Enterprises Control Board (1938-1941) | |
| Bureaucracy: Chairman of the Rural Progress Administration (1938-1941) | |
| Chairman of the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (1938-1941) | |
| Legislative | Local: Municipal Councilor of Capiz (1917-1919) |
| Lower House: Representative of the 1st District of Capiz (1922-1935) | |
| Lower House: Speaker of the House (1922-1933) | |
| Lower House: Assemblyman for the 1st District of Capiz, National Assembly (1935-1938) | |
| Upper House: Senate President (1945–1946) | |
| Upper House: Senator (elected in 1941 but did not assume office due to Japanese Occupation) (1945–1946) | |
| Judicial | Law clerk to Chief Justice Cayetano Arellano (1913-1917) |
| Others | 1st Place in the Philippine Bar Examination (1913) |
| Delegate, 1935 Constitutional Convention | |
| Member, 1943 Preparatory Commission on Philippine Independence | |
| Worked under other Administrations | QUEZON as Assemblyman; Secretary of Finance; liaison with the U.S. Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE); Secretary to the President; Senator |
| LAUREL as Head of Bigasang Bayan (BIBA) | |
| OSMEÑA as Senate President | |
| Personal Details | |
| Born | January 1, 1892 |
| Capiz (now Roxas City), Capiz | |
| Died | April 15, 1948 |
| Clark Air Base, Pampanga | |
| Resting Place | Manila North Cemetery, Manila |
| Political Parties | Partido Colectivista Liberal (1922) |
| Partido Nacionalista Consolidado (1923-1933) | |
| Partido Nacionalista (“Pro”) (1934) | |
| Nacionalista Coalition (Coalition Party) (1935-1937) | |
| Partido Nacionalista (1937-1941) | |
| Nacionalista Party (1945-1946) | |
| Partido Nacionalista-Liberal Wing (1946) | |
| Liberal Party (1946-1948) | |
| Parents | Gerardo Roxas Sr. |
| Rosario Acuña | |
| Spouse | Trinidad Roura de Leon (1900-1995) (m. 1921) |
| Children | Maria Rosario Roxas |
| Gerardo Roxas | |
| Education | Manila High School (now Araullo High School) (1910) |
| Bachelor of Laws, University of the Philippines (1913) | |
| Profession | Interpreter in the Court of First Instance of the 15th Judicial District |
| Lawyer | |
| Academe | Professor of Law, Philippine Law School (1916) |
| Department of Agriculture and Commerce | Mariano Garchitorena Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce (May 28, 1946-September 1948) |
| Department of Public Instruction | Manuel V. Gallego Secretary of Public Instruction (May 28, 1946-September 20, 1948) |
| Department of Finance | Miguel Cuaderno Secretary of Finance (November 23, 1946-January 2, 1949) |
| Elpidio Quirino Secretary of Finance (September 16, 1946-January 6, 1950) |
|
| Department of Foreign Affairs | Elpidio Quirino Secretary of Foreign Affairs (July 5, 1946–May 1950) |
| Department of Health | Antonio C. Villarama Secretary of Health (May 28, 1946–April 17, 1948) |
| Department of Interior | Jose Zulueta Secretary of the Interior (May 28, 1946–1948) |
| Department of Justice | Roman Ozaeta Secretary of Justice (May 29, 1946-September 17, 1948) |
| Department of Labor and Employment | Pedro Magsalin Secretary of Labor and Employment (May 28, 1946-1948) |
| Department of National Defense | Ruperto K. Kangleon Secretary of National Defense (May 28, 1946-April 17, 1948) |
| Department of Public Works and Communication | Ricardo Nepomuceno Secretary of Public Works and Communication (May 28, 1946-1949) |
| Social Welfare Commission | Antonio Villarama Secretary of Social Welfare (1946-1948) |
| Asuncion A. Perez Commissioner of Social Welfare (October 27, 1946) |
|
| Chief of the Executive Office | Nicanor Roxas Chief of the Executive Office (September 10, 1947-February 6, 1948) |
| Emilio Abello Chief of the Executive Office (May 30, 1946-September 3, 1947) |
|
| Executive Secretary | Emilio Abello Executive Secretary (February 26, 1948-March 30, 1948) |
The Executive Orders issued by President Roxas started with Executive Order No. 110, continuing the numbering of President Sergio Osmeña. In July 4, 1946, with the inauguration of the Third Republic of the Philippines, the number of the issuances was reset with Executive Order No. 1, s. 1946. He issued a total of 129 Executive Orders.
- Executive Orders: 110–111; 1–127
- Administrative Orders: 1–50
- Proclamations: 1–60
- Population: 19.23 million (1948)
- Gross Domestic Product: P85,269 million (1947)
- GDP Growth Rate: 39.5% (1946-1947 average)
- Income Per Capita: P4,434 (1947)
- Total Exports: P24,824 million (1947)
Source: National Statistics Office
It was under his administration that the legislation of Republic Acts began. President Roxas signed a total of 421 Republic Acts.
This tab is currently under construction. Please check again soon.
- Republic Acts:
These infographics were published as part of the Philippine Electoral Almanac, a compendium and handy resource of Philippine national elections from 1935 onwards, by the Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office.
1946 Presidential Elections
1946 Vice Presidential Elections
1946 Legislative Elections
The Second Congress of the Commonwealth convened on May 25, 1946; however, it would only last until July 4, 1946, with the inauguration of the Third Republic of the Philippines. Members of both Houses of Congress thus formed the First Congress of the Republic of the Philippines.
1947 Plebiscite
In a plebiscite in 1947, U.S. citizens were granted the right to utilize Philippine natural resources – however, it was later revoked.
1947 Senate Midterm Elections
Elections were held on November 11, 1947 to fill the 8 vacant seats in the Philippine Senate.
Seventy-five (75) SONAs have been delivered thus far. Click here to access the full list and links to all the SONAs of the Presidents of the Philippines.
First State of the Nation Address of President Manuel Roxas
Delivered at Lepanto Street, Manila, June 3, 1946
Second State of the Nation Address of President Manuel Roxas
Delivered at the Opening of the Second Session, Manila, January 27, 1947
The Nation on the Road to Prosperity
Delivered at Lepanto Street, Manila, January 26, 1948
Click here to access the full list and links to all the SONAs of the Presidents of the Philippines.
