Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

Era: Fourteenth President of the Philippines Fifth President of the Fifth Republic
Constitution: 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines
Preceded by: Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Succeeded by: Benigno S. Aquino III
First Inauguration: January 21, 2001, EDSA Shrine (aged 54)
Second Inauguration: June 30, 2004, Cebu Capitol (aged 57)
Capital: Manila
Vice President: Teofisto Guingona (February 7, 2001-June 30, 2004); Manuel de Castro (June 30, 2004-June 30, 2010)
Chief Justice: Renato C. Corona (May 17, 2010-May 29, 2012); Reynato Puno (December 8, 2006-May 17, 2010); Artemio Panganiban (December 20, 2005-December 7, 2006); Hilario Davide (November 30, 1998-December 20, 2005)
Senate President: Juan Ponce Enrile (November 17, 2008–present); Manuel Villar (July 24, 2006-November 17, 2008); Franklin M. Drilon (July 23, 2001-July 24, 2006); Aquinlino Pimentel (November 13, 2000-June 30, 2001)
Speaker of the House: Prospero C. Nograles (February 5, 2008-June 30, 2010); Jose C. de Venecia (July 23, 2001-February 5, 2008); Feliciano R. Belmonte, Jr. (January 24, 2001-June 30, 2001)
Previous Positions
Executive	Bureaucracy: Assistant Secretary, Department of Trade and Industry (1987-1989)Bureaucracy: Undersecretary, Department of Trade and Industry (1989-1992) Cabinet: Secretary of Social Welfare and Development (1998-2001) National: Vice President of the Philippines(1998-2001)
Legislative	Upper House: Senator (1992-1995; 1995-1998)Lower House: Representative of the Second District of Pampanga (2010-present)
Judicial	None
Others	None
Personal Details
Born	April 5, 1947 San Juan, Manila
Political Parties	Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (1992, 1995) Lakas-Christian-Muslim Democrats (1998, 2004) Lakas-Kampi CMD (2008, 2010)
Parents	Dr. Evangelina Macaraeg, MD Diosdado Macapagal
Spouse	Jose Miguel Arroyo
Children	Juan Miguel M. Arroyo Evangelina Lourdes Arroyo-Bernas Diosdado Ignacio Jose Maria M. Arroyo
Alma Mater	BA Economics, Assumption College(1968); Studies in International Trade, Georgetown University(1966); MA Economics, Ateneo de Manila University (1978); PhD Economics, University of the Philippines (1985)
Occupation	Professor

Commission on Higher Education
Patricia B. Licuanan	Chairman	July 19, 2010 – present
Emmanuel Y. Angeles	Acting Chairman	September 1, 2008 – July 18, 2010
Nona S. Ricafort	OIC-Chairman	August 1 – 31, 2008
Romulo L. Neri	Acting Chairman	August 16, 2007 – July 31, 2008
Carlito S. Puno	Chairman	November 17, 2005 – August 15, 2007
Carlito S. Puno	Acting Chairman	May 3, 2005 – November 16, 2005
Fr. Rolando de la Rosa	Chairman	October 18, 2004 – April 30, 2005
Bro. Rolando Ramos Dizon, FSC	Chairman	June 2, 2003 – October 17, 2004
Ester A. Garcia	Chairperson	July 12, 1999 – May 31, 2003
Office of the Press Secretary
Crispulo Icban, Jr.	Acting Capacity	February 1, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Conrado Limcaoco	Acting Capacity	January 20 – 31, 2010
Cerge M. Remonde	Secretary	February 1, 2009-January 19, 2010
Jesus G. Dureza	Secretary	June 16, 2008-January 31, 2009
Ignacio R. Bunye	Secretary	August 31, 2004-June 15, 2008
Milton A. Alingod	Secretary	June 18, 2003-August 30, 2004
Hernani A. Braganza	Secretary	January 20, 2003-June 17, 2003
Ignacio R. Bunye	Secretary	July 16, 2002-January 19, 2003
Silvestre Afable	Secretary	April 16-July 15, 2002
Rigoberto D. Tiglao	Secretary	April 1-15, 2002
Noel C. Cabrera	Secretary	January 23, 2001-March 31, 2002
Department of Agrarian Reform
Nasser Pangandaman	Secretary	July 10, 2005 – June 30, 2010
Rene Villa	Secretary	August 26, 2004 – July 9, 2005
Jose Marie Ponce	Secretary	February 20, 2004 – August 24, 2004
Roberto Pagdanganan	Secretary	January 20, 2003 – January 20, 2004
Hernani Braganza	Secretary	February 12, 2001 – January 15, 2003
Horacio Morales	Secretary	July 1, 1998 – February 11, 2001
Department of Agriculture
Bernie Fondevilla	Secretary	March 5, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Arthur Yap	Secretary	October 23, 2006 – March 4, 2010
Domingo Panganiban	Secretary	July 16, 2005 – October 22, 2006
Arthur Yap	Secretary	August 23, 2004 – July 15, 2005
Luis Lorenzo, Jr.	Secretary	December 9, 2002 – August 15, 2004
Leonardo Q. Montemayor	Secretary	February 12, 2001 – December 8, 2002
Domingo Panganiban	Secretary	January 12, 2001 – February 11, 2001
Department of Budget and Management
Joaquin Lagonera	Acting Secretary	June 5, 2010– June 30, 2010
Joaquin Lagonera	Interim Secretary	March 11, 2010 – June 4, 2010
Rolando Andaya, Jr.	Acting Secretary (Ad Interim)	Febraury 6, 2006 – March 2, 2010
Romulo Neri	Secretary	July 19, 2005 – February 6, 2006
Emilia Boncodin	Secretary	January 23, 2001 – July 9, 2005
Department of Education
Mona Valisno	Secretary	March 10, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Jesli Lapus	Secretary	October 4, 2006 – March 15, 2010
FeHidalgo	OIC	August 31, 2005 – October 3, 2006
Ramon Bacani	OIC	July 8, 2005 – August 30, 2005
Florencio B. Abad	Acting Secretary	September 23, 2004 – July 8, 2005
Edilberto de Jesus	Secretary	September 2002 – August 2004
Raul Roco	Secretary	January 22, 2001 – August 2002
Department of Energy
Jose C. Ibazeta	Secretary	March 31, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Angelo T. Reyes	Secretary	August 1, 2007 – March 25, 2010
Raphael P. M. Lotilla	Secretary	March 22, 2005 – July 31, 2007
Vincente S. Pérez, Jr.	Secretary	June 8, 2001 – March 21, 2005
Jose Isidro N. Camacho	Secretary	March 2, 2001- June 7, 2001
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Horacio C. Ramos	Secretary	February 12, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Eleazar P. Quinto	Secretary	January 4, 2010 – February 11, 2010
Jose L. Atienza Jr.	Secretary	August 1, 2007 -December 28, 2009
Angelo T. Reyes	Secretary	February 16, 2006 – July 31, 2007
Michael T. Defensor	Secretary	September 1, 2004 – February 15, 2006
Elisea G. Gozun	Secretary	December 13, 2002 – August 31, 2004
Heherson T. Alvarez	Secretary	March 29, 2001 – December 12, 2002
Joemarie D. Gerochi	Officer-In-Charge	January 26, 2001 – March 28, 2001
Department of Finance
Margarito B. Teves	Secretary	July 22, 2005 – June 30, 2010
Cesar V. Purisima	Secretary	Feb. 15, 2005 – July 15, 2005
Juanita D. Amatong	Secretary	December 1, 2003 – Feb. 14, 2005
Jose Isidro N. Camacho	Secretary	June 30, 2001 – November 30, 2003
Alberto G. Romulo	Secretary	January 23, 2001 – June 30,2001
Department of Foreign Affairs
Alberto G. Romulo	Secretary	August 24, 2004 – February 24, 2011
Delia Domingo Albert	Secretary	December 2003 – August 2004
Blas F. Ople	Secretary	July 2002 – December 2003
Teofisto T. Guingona, Jr.	Secretary	January 2001 – July 2002
Department of Health
Esperanza I. Cabral	Secretary	June 30, 2010 – July 4, 2010
Esperanza I. Cabral	Secretary	January 18, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Francisco T. Duque	Secretary	June 1, 2005 – January 18, 2010
Manuel M. Dayrit	Secretary	February 26, 2001 – April 31, 2005
Department of the Interior and Local Government
Ronaldo V. Puno	Secretary	April 4, 2006 – June 30, 2010
Angelo T. Reyes	Secretary	July 12, 2004 – February 16, 2006
Jose D. Lina, Jr.	Secretary	January 29, 2001 – July 11, 2006
Anselmo S. Avelino, Jr	Secretary	January 20,2001-January 28,2001
Department of Justice
Alberto Agra	Acting Secretary	March 1, 2010 – June 2010
Agnes Devanadera	Secretary	June 9, 2009 – February 2010
Raul M. Gonzalez	Secretary	August 25, 2004 - June 2009
Maria Merciditas N. Gutierrez	Secretary	December 24, 2003 – August 2004
Simeon A. Dutamanong	Secretary	January 2003 – December 2003
Maria Merciditas N. Gutierrez	Acting Secretary	November 2002 – January 2003
Hernando B. Perez	Secretary	January 2001 – January 2002
Department of Labor and Employment
Marianito D. Roque	Secretary	December 20, 2008 – June 30, 2010
Arturo D. Brion	Secretary	June 16, 2006 – December 2008
Patricia Aragon Santo Tomas	Secretary	February 12, 2001 – June 2006
Department of National Defense
Norberto B. Gonzales	Acting capacity	November 15, 2009 – June 30, 2010
Gilberto C. Teodoro, Jr.	Secretary	August 3, 2007-November 15, 2009
Norberto B. Gonzales	Secretary	July 1 – August 3, 2007
Hermogenes E. Ebdane, Jr.	Secretary	February 1 – July 1, 2007
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo	Concurrent capacity as President	November 30, 2006 – February 1, 2007
Avelino J. Cruz, Jr.	Secretary	August 25, 2004 – November 30, 2006
Eduardo R. Ermita	Secretary	October 3, 2003 – August 24, 2004
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo	Concurrent capacity as President	September 1 – October 2, 2003
Angelo T. Reyes	Secretary	March 19, 2001 – August 29, 2003
OrlandoS. Mercado	Secretary	January 22 – January 25, 2001
Department of Public Works and Highways
Victor A. Domingo	Acting Capacity	October 26, 2009-July 5, 2010
Hermogenes Ebdane, Jr.	Secretary	July 3, 2007-October 26, 2009
Manuel M. Bonoan	Officer-in-Charge	February 5, 2007-July 3, 2007
Hermogenes Ebdane, Jr.	Secretary	February 14, 2005-February 5, 2007
Florente Soriquez	Acting Capacity	April 16, 2003-February 13, 2005
Bayani F. Fernando	Secretary	January 15, 2003-April 15, 2003
Simeon A. Datumanong	Secretary	2001-2003
Department of Science and Technology
Estrella Alabastro	Secretary	March 12, 2001- June 30, 2010
Rogelio A. Panlasigui	Acting Secretary	January 2, 2001- March 11-2001
Department of Social Welfare and Development
Celia Yangco	Acting Capacity	January 18, 2010- June 30, 2010
Esperanza Cabral	Secretary	February 6, 2006- January 17, 2010
Luwalhati F. Pablo	Oic-Secretary	July 9, 2005-February 5, 2006
Corazon Julian Soliman	Secretary	January 29, 2001- July 8, 2005
Department of Tourism
Joseph Ace Durano	Secretary	November 30 2004-June 30 2010
Evelyn B. Pantig	Officer-In Charge	September 01, 2004- November 29, 2004
Roberto Pagdanganan	Secretary	June 12, 2004 – August 31, 2004
Robert Dean Barbers	Officer-In Charge	January 19, 2004- February 25, 2004
Richard J. Gordon	Secretary	February 12, 2001-January 04 2004
Department of Trade and Industry
Peter B. Favila	Secretary	2005-2010
Juan B. Santos	Secretary	2005-2005
Cesar V. Purisima	Secretary	2004-2005
Manuel A. Roxas II	Secretary	1999-2003
Department of Transportation and Communication
Anneli R. Lontoc	Secretary	March 10, 2010-June 30, 2010
Leandro R. Mendoza	Secretary	July 4, 2001- March 10, 2010
Pantaleon Alvarez	Secretary	January 29, 2001- July 4, 2002
Vicente C. Rivera, Jr.	Secretary	July 1, 1998- January 30, 2001
Executive Secretary
Leandro Mendoza	Executive Secretary	February 24, 2010 – June 30, 2010
Eduardo Ermita	Executive Secretary	August 24, 2004 – February 23, 2010
Alberto Romulo	Executive Secretary	May 8, 2001 – August 24, 2004
Renato de Villa	Executive Secretary	January 22, 2001 – May 7, 2001
Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
Oscar Inocentes	Chairman	October 2009 –June 30, 2010
Bayani Fernando	Chairman	February 2002 – 2009
Benjamin C. Abalos Sr.	Chairman	January 2001 – 2002
National Anti-Poverty Commission
Domingo F. Panganiban	Lead Convenor	October 18, 2006-June 2010
Cerge M. Remonde	Lead Convenor	August 16, 2006 – September 22, 2006
Datu Zamzamin L. Ampatuan	Acting Lead Convenor	18-Jul-05
Imelda M. Nicolas	Lead Convenor	July 8, 2004-July 8, 2005
Veronica F. Villavicencio	Lead Convenor	February 9, 2004-August 2004
Camilo L. Sabio	Lead Convenor	October 6, 2003-January 2004
Teresita Quintos-Deles	Lead Convenor	February 2002-October 2003
Dulce Q. Saguisag	Lead Convenor	November 2000-February 2002
National Economic Development Authority
Augusto Santos	Acting capacity	August 19, 2009 – June 29,2010
Raphael G. Recto	Director-General	July 28, 2008 – August 16, 2009
Augusto Santos	Acting capacity	August 16, 2007 – July 27, 2008
Romulo Neri	Director-General	February 16, 2006 – August 16, 2007
Augusto Santos	Director-General	July 14, 2005 – February 16, 2006
Romulo Neri	Director-General	December 17,2002 – July 18, 2005
Dante Canlas	Director-General	January 24, 2001 – December 16, 2002
Office of the National Security Adviser
MiloS. Ibrado, Jr.	Acting Capacity	December 15, 2009 – June 30, 2010
Norberto B. Gonzales	National Security Adviser and Director-General	February 15, 2005 – January 31, 2010
Hermogenes E. Ebdane, Jr.	National Security Adviser and Director-General	August 22, 2004 – February 14, 2005
Norberto B. Gonzales	National Security Adviser and Director-General	February 1, 2004 – August 21, 2004
Roilo S. Golez	National Security Adviser and Director-General	February 19, 2001 – January 4, 2004
Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process
Annabelle Abaya	Secretary	October 23, 2009-June 30, 2010
Nabil A. Tan	Secretary	October 13, 2009-October 23, 2010
Avelino Razon, Jr.	Secretary	February 2009-October 12, 2009
Hermogenes C. Esperon, Jr.	Secretary	June 15, 2008-February 2009
Jesus G. Dureza	Secretary	July 2005- June 15, 2008
Teresita Quintos-Deles	Secretary	October 2, 2003-July 8, 2005
Eduardo R. Ermita	Secretary	2001-2003
Presidential Spokesperson
Eduardo R. Ermita	Concurrent capacity as executive secretary	2008-2009
Ignacio R. Bunye	Concurrent capacity as press secretary	2002-2008
Rigoberto Tiglao	Secretary	2001-2002

- Executive Orders: 1-910
- Administrative Orders: 1-289
- Memorandum Orders: 1-316
- Memorandum Circulars: 1-194
- Proclamations: 1-995
- General Orders: 1-11
- Letters of Instruction: 1-6
- Population: 78.59 million (2001)
- Gross Domestic Product: P1,073,066 million (2001)
- Gross Domestic Product: P1,093,300 million (2003)
- GDP Growth Rate: 3.96% (2001-2003 average)
- Income Per Capita: P11,365 (2001)
- Income Per Capita: P14,368 (2003)
- Total Exports: US$31,243 million (2001)
- Total Exports: US$34,842 million (2002)
- Unemployment Rate: 11.10% (2001)
- Unemployment Rate: 11.40% (2003)
- Peso-Dollar Exchange Rate: $1 = P50.99 (2001)
- Peso-Dollar Exchange Rate: $1 = P54.20 (2003)
Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
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- Republic Acts:
2001 Legislative Elections

2004 Presidential Elections
2004 was the first time since 1969 that a general election would be held with a sitting President running for re-election.

Click here to view a map of the Philippines showing the provincial breakdown of votes.

2004 Legislative Elections
The administration’s Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (K-4) ended up dominating the House, showing that a vote for the administration slate was a vote of confidence in the sitting president.

2007 Legislative Elections

Click here for more information on the Philippine Legislature published on the Official Gazette.