Emilio Aguinaldo January 23, 1899 – March 23, 1901

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During the Philippine Revolution, the national flag was flown upside-down to symbolize wartime.

National Seal and Coat of Arms

Biography
Cabinet
Election Results
  • Era: First President of the Philippines President of the First Republic
    Constitution: 1899 Malolos Constitution
    Preceded by: position established
    Succeeded by: position abolished
    Inauguration:  January 23, 1899, Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan (aged 29)
    Capital: Malolos, Bulacan
    Vice President: None
    Prime Minister: Apolinario Mabini (January 21-May 7, 1899); Pedro Paterno (May 7-November 13, 1899)
    Chief Justice: None
    Senate President: None
    Speaker of the House: None
     

    Previous Positions
    Executive Local: Cabeza de Barangay, Binakayan, KawitProvincial: Capitan Municipal, Kawit National: President of the Revolutionary Government (Tejeros Convention) (March 22, 1897-November 1, 1897) National: President of the Biak-na-Bato Republic (November 2,1897-December 15, 1897) National: Head of the Dictatorial Government (May 24,1898 –June 22, 1898) National: President of the Revolutionary Government (June 23, 1898-January 22, 1899)
    Legislative None
    Judicial None
    Others General, Philippine Revolutionary ArmyMember, Council of State (Quirino, Roxas, Magsaysay, Garcia, Macapagal administrations)

    Personal Details
    Born March 22, 1869 Kawit, Cavite
    Died February 6, 1964 Veterans Memorial Hospital, Quezon City
    Resting Place Aguinaldo Shrine, Kawit, Cavite
    Political Parties Magdalo faction, Katipunan (1897) National Socialist Party (1935)
    Spouse Hilaria del Rosario (died 1921); Maria Agoncillo (died 1963)
    Children Carmen Aguinaldo Melencio Emilio Aguinaldo, Jr. Maria Aguinaldo Poblete Cristina Aguinaldo Suntay Miguel Aguinaldo
    Alma Mater Bachelor of Arts, Colegio de San Juan de Letran (college preparatory)
    Occupation Politician

  • Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce
    Leon Ma. Gerrero Minister May 7, 1899 – November 13, 1899
    Jose Alejandrino Minister June 23, 1898 – 1899

    Department of Public Instruction
    Bernard Moses Secretary March 1900 – December 31, 1902
    Aguedo Velarde

    Department of Treasury
    Hugo Ilagan Secretary May 9, 1899 – November 13, 1900
    Mariano Trias Secretary July 15, 1898 – May 9, 1899

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs
    Apolinario Mabini Minister October 1, 1898 – October 30, 1898
    Felipe Buencamino Minister (Paterno cabinet)

    Ministry of Interior
    Serevino de las Alas Minister May 7, 1899 – November 13, 1899
    Teodoro Sandico Minister January 21, 1899 – May 7, 1899

    Ministry of War and Navy
    Mariano Trías Minister May 7, 1899–November 13, 1899
    Emiliano Riego de Dios Secretary of War March– November 1897

    Ministry of War and Public Works
    Baldomero Aguinaldo Minister 1898-1899

    Ministry of Welfare (Public Instruction, Public Works, Communications, Agriculture, Industry and Commerce)
    Gracio Gonzaga Minister January 21, 1899 – May 7, 1899

    Department of Public Works and Communications
    Maximo Paterno Minister 1899
  • 1935 Presidential Elections
    President Aguinaldo contested the 1935 Presidential election against then Senate President Manuel L. Quezon and Supreme Bishop Gregorio Aglipay, founder of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente. Quezon won the elections and became the First President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.